Progress report for STN24-A02
Project Information
The main responsibility of the program assistant position is to ensure that objectives in the SARE PDP Model State Program are completed timely and efficiently. This will entail the following individual responsibilities:
- coordination of efforts between the SARE State Coordinators and SARE program assistants including participation in regular meetings and meetings with SARE advisory committee
- submission of future SARE Model State Program proposals and reporting
- communications for Tennessee SARE programming through social media, website, newsletters, and design of flyers and slides for dissemination purposes
- engagement of stakeholders through in-person and virtual presentations focused on SARE funding, projects, and materials
- engagement with other SARE program personnel
- other duties as assigned
- Engage in train-the-trainer programming for Extension agents and farmers focused on sustainable forages with specific focus on perennial wheatgrass (Kernza) as an alternative forage.
As a perennial crop with deep root systems, Kernza protects soil from runoff and nutrient leaching and can take up water and nutrients from deeper depths of the soil. It is important to seek alternative forages that can maximize forage production and add benefits related to ecosystem services while at the same time improving the production and management practices of existing forages in Tennessee. Demonstration plots of Kernza will be established in a few farmer fields in Winchester, TN and at the Tennessee State University Agricultural Research and Education Center in Nashville, TN. The location with the best established stand will be used as the site for the train-the-trainer program. Agents and farmers will also have the opportunity to view a grass/legume system for comparison. Overall, train-the-trainer program will train 25 Extension agents and farmers. The participants will be trained on production practices of Kernza including planting time, seeding rate, potential legumes to grow with Kernza, and appropriate harvesting time of Kernza, and the potential uses of Kernza in Tennessee.
2. Engage in train-the-trainer programming for Extension agents and farmers focused on sustainable irrigation management with specific focus on precision irrigation tools and water management practices.
Long-term changes in weather patterns have signaled an increased risk of multi-year droughts, driving the demand for development of precision irrigation engineering in Tennessee. Various types of irrigation systems, including drip and sprinkler systems, will utilize different water resources such as groundwater and surface water. Overuse of these natural resources, combined with the application of inefficient irrigation systems, have the potential to stress aquifers and groundwater resources in the future. A train-the-trainer field day will allow Extension agents and farmers to gain hands-on experience working with different sensors and observe real-time monitoring of crop water status using soil, weather, and crop sensing techniques to estimate crop water use and irrigation scheduling. Overall, the train-the-trainer program will train 95 Extension agents and farmers.
3. Engage in train-the-trainer programming during the “Sustainable Agriculture In-Service” Training prior to and during the PickTN Conference.
This two-day training will be conducted and led by Troy Dugger with the University of Tennessee and Jason de Koff with Tennessee State University. Day one will consist of classroom instructions before touring small enterprise and acreage farms. These farms could include specialty crops important to Tennessee to include marketing and sustainable production practices. The second day of the training would allow Extension agents to participate in day one of the PickTN Conference, focusing on presentations related to sustainable agriculture. The PickTN Conference “provides educational programming and networking in a collaborative environment which fosters growth to sustain agriculture.” This training will be provided for up to 30 Extension Agents split between UT and TSU SARE Model State Program Funds.
4. Engage in train-the-trainer programming for Extension agents in integrated pest management using the Western SARE funded Pest Friends game.
This one day training will be conducted by Jason Thomas and Grant Loomis, creators of the Pest Friends game and Extension agents with the University of Idaho. This unique learning opportunity will allow agents to understand the effects of different management practices on insect populations and potential crop and revenue losses using a fun, interactive board game system that includes an app to assist with classroom management and enhance learning. Participants will have the opportunity to return to their respective counties with pre-purchased copies of the game to use in future stakeholder trainings.
5. Engage Extension agents in training focused on sustainable agriculture through current in-state and out-of-state programs.
Additional program funds will be used to provide travel funding to agents to engage in other train-the-trainer opportunities, particularly in other states, to provide a diversity of knowledge on sustainable agriculture production. The specific subject areas will be based on agent and farmer needs as these needs and events are identified throughout the year. All programs will be evaluated by the individual agents with respect to the material learned and how the material will be incorporated into future trainings for farmers. They will also present their training experiences to other agents at their regional program planning meetings held within each region of the state.
6. Engage in marketing of SARE grant funding opportunities, current and previous SARE projects in Tennessee, SARE materials through virtual and in-person methods.
The methods will include the use of social media, newsletters, videos, and presentations and exhibits at trade shows, Ag days, conferences, and other meetings within Tennessee. The TSU program assistant position will continue to engage in developing social media content using material from SARE publications in order to continue to enhance existing networks, and expand the reach of SARE in Tennessee and abroad by providing relevant, important information on a daily basis. A monthly newsletter will also be continued and will include digitally designed materials based on content from SARE publications, snapshots of current and previous SARE programs in Tennessee, and pertinent deadlines for SARE grants. It is expected that the initial mailing list will be expanded as additional users are identified through continued attendance at promotional events. Images, video, and content will continue to be created and updated on the Tennessee SARE website. The TSU and UT program assistants and state coordinators will work together to provide presentations and exhibits across the state highlighting the SARE program and sustainable agriculture in Tennessee to increase awareness and engagement.
7. Engage in collaboration with UT and other partners to ensure a seamless, efficient programming related to sustainable agriculture programs.
Tennessee State University and UT SARE program assistants and state coordinators will continue to meet regularly to discuss current SARE train-the-trainer programs and opportunities for agents and strategize on best methods for advertising the current programs and opportunities, utilizing the advisory committee, engaging partners, identifying new partners, collecting agent needs, and engaging in events across the state. Program evaluation and reporting from existing SARE programs will also be a incorporated. The Tennessee SARE team will also engage with the advisory committee to identify sustainable agriculture needs in Tennessee and assist with marketing and program promotion needs.
Advisors
Education & Outreach Initiatives
Objective 6. Engage in marketing of SARE grant funding opportunities, current and previous SARE projects in Tennessee, SARE materials through virtual and in-person methods.
A monthly, online newsletter was initiated in May 2025. The newsletter highlights activities funded through Model State Program funds, current SARE-funded projects in Tennessee, open SARE funding opportunities, and SARE resources. An example of this newsletter has been uploaded here.
The monthly, online newsletter is distributed electronically to all Tennessee State University and University of Tennessee agriculture and natural resources Extension agents. It is also distributed to around 200 individuals who previously attended the TSU New Farmer Academy or agriculture-related TSU events.
Objective 4. Engage in train-the-trainer programming for Extension agents in integrated pest management using the Western SARE funded Pest Friends game.
A one day training was conducted on May 1, 2025 in Knoxville, TN by Jason Thomas, co-creator of the Pest Friends game and Extension agent with the University of Idaho. This unique learning opportunity allowed agents to understand the effects of different management practices on insect populations and potential crop and revenue losses using a fun, interactive board game system that included an app to assist with classroom management and enhance learning. Participants received copies of the game to use in future stakeholder trainings.
Evaluations indicated that 100% of respondents believed that the training increased their knowledge of how to use the board game to talk to stakeholders about sustainable agriculture. There were 86% who indicated that they planned to use it with their stakeholders. Once respondent said, "I cannot wait to expose producers to the board game. I want to use it as an educational experience. This will change how I bring a rather boring subject into a new and interesting topic. They are required to interact with me. I am excited."
Objective 7. Engage in collaboration with UT and other partners to ensure a seamless, efficient programming related to sustainable agriculture programs.
We have continued to hold our quarterly meetings between UT and TSU. We have also met with our advisory group.
Objective #2: Engage in train-the-trainer programming for Extension agents and farmers focused on sustainable irrigation management with specific focus on precision irrigation tools and water management practices.
Title: Simple Solar Powered Drip Irrigation System Design for Non-Commercial Crops in Raised Bed
Led by Dr. Behnaz Molaei, Tennessee State University
This topic was taught at 2 different events:
Event 1 (In-service Training) Date: 3/26/2025
Led by Dr. Behnaz Molaei, Tennessee State University
Location: Hawkins County Extension Office, Rogersville, TN
In the summer of 2024, a TSU Extension agent at Hawkins County had a raised bed with an in-line drip irrigation system that used city water as its source. However, the cost of using utility water for irrigating raised beds was high, prompting him to consider upgrading the system to use rainwater harvested in totes as an alternative water source while ensuring adequate pressure. This site was selected to host an in-service training, providing hands-on experience for extension agents from the eastern TN region. Since there was no electricity available near the raised bed for electric booster pumps, solar-powered pumps and solar panels were used. The goal was to connect the harvested rainwater stored in totes to the solar pump and generate sufficient pressure for the irrigation system to function properly. The solar pump system was installed before March 26th.
Topics taught at the in-service training:
- Drip Irrigation in Urban Agriculture (Dr. Brian Leib, UT Irrigation Specialist)
- Avoiding the Pitfalls in small space food production (Dr. Natalie Bumgarner, Consumer Horticulture- Field and Greenhouse Vegetable Production)
- Simple Solar Powered Drip Irrigation System Design for Non-Commercial Crops in Raised Bed (Dr. Behnaz Molaei, TSU Extension Irrigation Specialist)
- Visiting the solar powered drip irrigation system and hands on training after lunch.
Sustainable irrigation topics included how to choose different emitters, how to calculate the pressure required for each raised bed, and how to select a pump. SARE funding was used to purchase digital flowmeters and measuring tape for participants (15 Extension agents) to use in future trainings and assistance to farmers. SARE funding also provided subsistence for the training.
Event 2 (In-service Training on zoom) Date: 4/3/2025
Presented to 23 Extension agents on simple solar-powered drip irrigation system design for non-commercial crops in raised beds at the online Engineering Elements seminar, hosted by the Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK).
Title: Demonstrating different types of irrigation system for raised bed
Led by Dr. Behnaz Molaei, Tennessee State University
Fruits of the Backyards Field Day Date: 6/10/2025
Various types of irrigation systems and emitters suitable for raised bed fruit and vegetable production were installed for this training. This included four raised beds, two of them with size of 4’ × 8’ and two with the size of 4’ × 12’. Each bed had a different irrigation system:
- In-line drip irrigation with integrated drippers
- Single-line drip emitters
- Spike emitters
- Sprayers (including sprinklers and microjets)
There were a variety of drippers and sprinklers from several irrigation companies, including NETAFIM, TORO, TECO, ALTECO, JAIN, and ORBIT.
SARE funds were used to purchase ½-inch and ¼-inch pipes, stakes, risers for sprinklers and microjets (as the irrigation companies only provided the sprinklers), connectors, tee connectors, end caps, U-shaped hold-downs, and adjustable drip emitters on spikes from the ORBIT company—the only option available at Lowe’s. SARE funds were also used to purchase a poster stand and a shade tent for the field day.
During the field day, topics covered included measuring flowmeter and pressure of water source and how to decide about starting the design of irrigation system on the raised bed, difference between different emitters, in-line drippers, on-line drippers, drippers on spikes, micro sprinklers, and microjets. There were more than 60 attendees, including TSU and UTK Extension agents, home gardeners, Master Gardeners, and agricultural policymakers such as members of the Farm Bureau.
Evaluation responses from the online training indicated that 100% of participants had little or only some prior knowledge about key topics such as calculating crop water needs for raised beds, selecting emitter types, understanding gravity-fed versus pressurized systems, determining total pressure requirements, selecting appropriate pumps, and calculating irrigation run time. They reported that this in-service training provided valuable and practical information that they could soon apply in their work.
Topic #2
The audience verbally expressed how valuable the field day and demonstration were in helping them understand water distribution patterns and how these can be applied to crop irrigation. They appreciated learning how to set up irrigation systems for their own raised beds and backyards. They also liked the variety of irrigation systems showcased, which helped them become familiar with products that can meet different needs. TSU/UT Extension agents planted crops into the raised beds during the event, and they were excited to see how the irrigation systems could be used throughout the summer. The installed irrigation systems will remain in place permanently and will be used in various future extension and educational programs.
In the survey shared with the audience, respondents indicated that they had limited knowledge about the different types of irrigation systems suitable for raised beds, as well as limited understanding of irrigation scheduling and system installation for home gardens. They reported that this field day significantly enhanced their knowledge in these areas.
Two undergraduate students and two graduate students were trained as a part of this project.