Investigating the Impact of Cover Crop Mixtures on Ant Communities and Pest Control Services in No-Till Agroecosystems

Project Overview

GNE24-330
Project Type: Graduate Student
Funds awarded in 2024: $14,994.00
Projected End Date: 12/31/2026
Grant Recipient: Pennsylvania State University
Region: Northeast
State: Pennsylvania
Graduate Student:
Faculty Advisor:

Commodities

  • Agronomic: annual ryegrass, canola, corn, radish (oilseed, daikon, forage)

Practices

  • Crop Production: cover crops, no-till
  • Education and Training: extension
  • Pest Management: biological control
  • Production Systems: agroecosystems

    Proposal abstract:

    Ants are ubiquitous in terrestrial ecosystems and play crucial
    roles in maintaining ecosystem functioning. In many agricultural
    systems, ants can provide valuable services, including pest
    control. In northern temperate crop fields, however, the presence
    and potential impact of ants has been largely overlooked,
    primarily due to widespread use of tillage. Increasing adoption
    of no-till farming, particularly in the mid-Atlantic region of
    the United States, presents an opportunity to study and harness
    the potential of ants for sustainable pest management. This
    project in Pennsylvania aims to examine the potential for another
    conservation practice, cover crops, to grow ant communities and
    their subsequent effects on pest control services in no-till corn
    and soy production. I will evaluate the effects of cover crops
    grown in monocultures and mixtures on abundance, species
    richness, and functional roles of ant communities in no-till
    fields. Furthermore, I will compare the effects of cover crop
    monocultures and mixtures on diversity of ant communities and the
    larger epigeal predator communities on the control of crop pests
    and crop damage. This research will contribute to development of
    sustainable pest management strategies that leverage ecosystem
    services provided by ants in no-till agroecosystems. The findings
    will have significant implications for sustainable agriculture,
    particularly no-till and cover crop use. The results from this
    study will help farmers reduce their resilience on synthetic
    insecticide by integrating cover cropping and integrated pest
    management (IPM) practices with no-till farming. This integration
    will enhance the potential for ants, and other predators to
    provide effective pest control services.

    Project objectives from proposal:

    1. Evaluate the effects of cover crop (monocultures and
      mixtures) on abundance, species richness, and functional roles of
      ant communities and species in no-till fields.
    2. Compare the effects of cover crop (monocultures and mixtures)
      on diversity of ant populations and the larger epigeal predator
      community across growing seasons.
    3. Under different cover crops (monocultures and mixtures),
      assess influences of changes in ant species diversity and
      abundance, and that of the larger epigeal predator community, on
      control of crop pests and crop damage.
    Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture or SARE.